Fainting

Fainting is a term used to describe a condition where there is a sudden and brief loss of consciousness.

The loss of consciousness is usually brief and can be caused by:

• Standing for long periods
• Emotional events
• Pain
• Standing up quickly
• Some medications such as angina medications
• Heat
• Sight of blood or needles etc

After the patient collapses the blood flow returns to the brain quickly and the patient usually recovers rapidly.

Recognition

• Lightheaded/ dizziness
• Pale, cold moist skin
• Nausea
• Restlessness
• Slow weak pulse
• Collapse with temporary loss of consciousness.

Management of fainting

• D.R.S.A.B.C.D.
• If conscious: Assist patient to lie down, raise legs and keep the head and upper body flat.
• Loosen any tight clothing.
• Ensure an adequate supply of fresh air.
• Assess and treat any further injuries.
• If unconscious: DRSABCD
• If patient does not recover quickly seek urgent medical support.

Note: DO NOT sit a casualty on a chair with their head between their knees. This can reduce the amount of blood being supplied to the brain and can restrict breathing, slowing recovery.